@article{oai:niigata-u.repo.nii.ac.jp:00007976,
 author = {O'neal, George},
 journal = {言語の普遍性と個別性, 言語の普遍性と個別性},
 month = {Mar},
 note = {This is a qualitative study of the orthographic repair strategy that Speakers of English as a Lingua Franca utilize to reestablish intelligibility after a miscommunication. There are many repair strategies that Speakers of English as a Lingua Franca use to maintain mutual intelligibility: repetition, paraphrasing, simplification, enhanced explicitness through redundancy, and “let it pass” (Firth 1996; Kuar 2009; Pitzl 2010). Phonetic repair, which consists of a Speaker of English as a Lingua Franca adding, changing, or deleting phonemes to restore intelligibility, is another (Matsumoto 2011; O’Neal 2013a, 2013b). However, there is one more repair strategy that has not been extensively examined, one that is specifically designed to temporarily weaken the importance of phonology in the maintenance of intelligibility: orthographic repair. Orthographic repair refers to the practice of articulating the spelling of a word to reestablish mutual intelligibility. Although orthographic skills are usually associated with writing proficiency, this paper concludes that orthographic abilities are not limited to writing skills; indeed, orthographic abilities are a component of both productive skills—writing and speaking. Examining repair sequences collected from Skype conversations between Speakers of English as a Lingua Franca, this paper concludes that orthographic repair is an efficacious secondary repair strategy that can be used during interactions to reestablish intelligibility after a communication breakdown has occurred.},
 pages = {51--79},
 title = {Orthography for Interaction in English as a Lingua Franca : Temporarily Attenuating the Importance of Phonology},
 volume = {5},
 year = {2014}
}