@misc{oai:niigata-u.repo.nii.ac.jp:00005755,
 author = {Kojima, Anri},
 month = {Mar},
 note = {"Background and Objective: Over-expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a) plays a pathological role in chronic periodontitis (CP) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA), which might be regulated by the epigenetic mechanism. The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether there is a unique methylation profile of the TNF-a gene promoter in blood cells of individuals with CP and RA. Material and Methods: The study participants consisted of 30 Japanese adults with RA (RA group), 30 race-matched adults with CP only (CP group) and 30 race-matched healthy controls (H group). Genomic DNA isolated from peripheral blood was modified by sodium bisulfite and analyzed, by direct sequencing, to investigate DNA methylation of the TNF-a gene promoter region. The level of TNF-a produced in mononuclear cells stimulated with Porphyromonas gingivalis\nlipopolysaccharide was determined using ELISA. Results: Twelve cytosine–guanine dinucleotide (CpG) motifs were identified in the TNF-a promoter fragment from  343 to +57 bp. The CP group showed a significantly higher methylation rate and frequency at  72 bp than the H group (p < 0.01). The RA group exhibited significantly higher methylation rates at seven CpG motifs ( 302,  163,  119,  72,  49,  38 and +10 bp), and significantly\nhigher methylation frequencies at six CpG motifs ( 163,  119,  72, 49,  38 and +10 bp), than the H group (p < 0.01 for all comparisons). The levels of TNF-a produced were significantly different between individuals with and without methylation at  163 bp (p = 0.03). Conclusion: These results suggest that the hypermethylated status of CpG motifs in the TNF-a gene promoter in blood cells may be unique to Japanese adults with CP and RA.", 学位の種類: 博士（歯学）. 報告番号: 甲第4148号. 学位記番号: 新大院博（歯）甲第346号. 学位授与年月日: 平成28年3月23日, Journal of Periodontal Research. 2016, 51(3), 350-358., 新大院博（歯）甲第346号},
 title = {Tumor necrosis factor-alpha gene promoter methylation in Japanese adults with chronic periodontitis and rheumatoid arthritis},
 year = {2016}
}