@misc{oai:niigata-u.repo.nii.ac.jp:00005431,
 author = {Angcajas, Aileen Bahalla},
 month = {Mar},
 note = {Autophagy, an intracellular bulk degradation process induced by starvation, is regulated by nutrients and different conditions. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) critically modulates autophagy in response to various cellular stresses. In eukaryotic cell, starvation prompts induction of autophagy and during this condition, intracellular ROS level increases. Hence, ROS is considered as a good signaling molecule in autophagy. Amino acid is a known autophagy regulator. However, the significance of ROS production by amino acids to their effect on autophagy has yet to be explored. In the present work, we analyzed the effects of individual amino acids on the intracellular ROS level and autophagy in H4-II-E cells. ROS measurement was performed in Spectrofluorimeter using the fluorescent probe 2', 7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFDA). The cytosolic LC3 ratio (LC3-IIs/LC3-I) was employed as a suitable quantitative index of autophagic flux. LC3 signal was detected by Western blotting and quantified by densitometric analysis. CAA mixture showed significant suppression of autophagy. Furthermore, all the amino acid mixtures suppressed the ROS production significantly. Most individual RegAA showed suppressive effects on ROS production and autophagy. This scenario explains the ROS production suppression observed form RegAA mixture. Interestingly, arginine, a NonRegAA showed significant autophagy suppression but its ROS production was greatly stimulated. Inhibitor study using rapamycin and wortmannin showed starvation is partially Class III PI3K dependent. Furthermore, it also suggested that ROS production involvement in the autophagy regulation by CAA and Leu (a RegAA) may also be Class III PI3K dependent. This implies the participation of ROS as signaling molecule in the autophagy regulation by CAA and Leu. Finally, ROS production by arginine exhibited partial mTORC1 pathway dependence; however, its autophagy regulation may involve another pathway., 学位の種類: 博士（学術）. 報告番号: 甲第3905号. 学位記番号: 新大院博（学）甲第202号. 学位授与年月日: 平成26年3月24日, 新大院博（学）甲第202号},
 title = {The Involvement of Reactive Oxygen Species in Autophagy Regulation by Amino Acids},
 year = {2014}
}