@article{oai:niigata-u.repo.nii.ac.jp:00026817,
 author = {Takahashi, Keiko and Kuramoto, Ayako and Kusano, Atsuko},
 issue = {2},
 journal = {新潟大学教育人間科学部紀要 人文・社会科学編, 新潟大学教育人間科学部紀要 人文・社会科学編},
 month = {Feb},
 note = {In Japan, after 1945 the ratio of dual-career couples has been increasing year by year. Yet the age-specific labor force participation ratio of women has still shaped M-curve. Most of working mothers work as temporary employees much more than regular full-time ones. These days, the labor forces of women have been paid attention much more than ever, because of the decline of the total labor forces. We want to see the general overview of the dual-career couples with children, to analyze the regulating factors of working mothers "doing the challenging work," those effects and the relation to the family life, and then to consider better work-life balance. \r\\nWe conducted a questionnaire survey to the 3930 dual-career couples in 5 unions of Japanese Trade Union Confederations from October to December in 2005. The recovered questionnaire sheets were 2358 (the recovery ratio was 60 percent).\r\\nFindings are as follows:\r\\n1. Most of the respondents work in family-friendly environment. But on the promotion, about a half of the respondents point out the gender discrimination. Over 70 percent took the child-care leave and receive some supports. About 60 percent satisfy with "family ties," and about 75 percent satisfy with "life as a whole."\r\\n2. There are significant positive relations between the consciousness of "doing the challenging work" and the items on development of work or evaluation of working environment. On the other hand, there are significant negative relations between the consciousness of "doing the challenging work" and the unimportant work or the work without promotion.\r\\n3. The husband who recognize his wife's "doing the challenging work" does share their housework much more than those who don't. The more the respondent recognizes "doing the challenging work," the more the respondent satisfies the division of housework, income, and life as a whole.},
 pages = {117--122},
 title = {Current State of Dual-Career Couples with Children in Japan: Regulating Factors of Working Mothers "Doing the Challenging work," Effects and Relation to Family Life},
 volume = {10},
 year = {2008}
}