@article{oai:niigata-u.repo.nii.ac.jp:00025657, author = {渡邊, 賢一 and 山田, 一尋 and 花田, 晃治}, issue = {2}, journal = {新潟歯学会雑誌, 新潟歯学会雑誌}, month = {Dec}, note = {Purpose : Since temporomandibular disorder (TMD) often developed during adolescence, it is important to understand the progress and etiology of TMD from childhood through the teenage year. This epidemiological study was therefore done on a large sample of elementary and junior high school children, in order to investigate the relationship between signs and symptoms of TMD and etiological factors (parafunction and life style factors). Materials and methods : A total of 354 children (187 males, 167 females) from 3 elementary schools and 2 junior high schools were examined. The subjects were divided into 3 age groups, according to grade as follows : first three years of elementary school (JES, 6 to 9 yrs), second three years of elementary school (SES, 9 to 12 yrs), and junior high school (JHS, 12 to 15 yrs). Questionnaires concerning for jaw function, parafunctional habits, and life style were distributed, corrected and analyzed, and the presence or absence of TMJ sounds, TMJ and/or muscle pain and difficulty of mouth opening were examined. Results and Discussion : The distribution of TMD symptoms was 15.5% in the total student population, 5.4% (5/92) in JES, 15.0% (18/120) in SES and 22.5% (32/142) in JHS. However, there was no significant differences between male and female students. The TMJ sounds were most popular (67.3%, 37/55) with pain (16.4%, 9/55) and symptom combinations increasing with age. Parafunctions (unilateral mastication and/or resting the chin on one or both hands), psychological stress and the malocclusion (maxillary protrusion and/or deep bite) were significantly lager in the symptomatic group than in the asymptomatic group. In all three groups, the amount of maximum opening was larger in the asymptomatic students than in the symptomatic students. These results suggested that controlling parafunctions and life style during childhood and early adolescence might be of use in limiting the appearance of TMD., 顎関節症は若年期に発症し、それを予防するには10歳代前半の顎関節症の経過や要因の検討が重要である。そこで、思春期前の顎関節症の実体と顎関節症の発症に関わる可能性ある因子の関連性を検討することを目的として、学童を村象に顎関節症状とその関連因子の疫学調査をおこなった。方法:新潟県のある村全体の小中学生、男子187名、女子167名、計354名を調査対象として、顎機能、習癖、生活習慣に関するアンケート、および関節雑音、疼痛、開口障害の有無の診査および自力での最大開口量の測定を行った。結果:顎関節症の発症頻度は全体で15.5% (55/354)、小学校低学年5.4%、小学校高学年15.0%、中学生22.5%で、小学校低学年と中学生で有意差が認められた。しかし、各群ともに性差は認められなかった。有症者の症状別では、顎関節症状を示した有症者群の中で関節雑音が67.3% (37/55)と最も高い出現を示し、ついで顎関節痛が16.4% (9/55)にみられ、複合症状は増齢に伴い増加した。習癖は、頬杖、片側咀嚼、精神的ストレスの項目で、咬合異常は上顎前突、過蓋咬合で、有症者群が無症者群に比べ有意に多く認められた。最大開口量は小学校低学年と中学生で有症者群が無症者群より有意に小さい値を示した。以上より、10歳代前半における習癖、生活習慣の管理を含めた顎関節症への対応の重要性が示唆された。}, pages = {37--43}, title = {若年者における顎関節症の発症に関する疫学的研究 : 習癖・生活習慣、咬合異常、最大開口量との関連}, volume = {33}, year = {2003} }