@article{oai:niigata-u.repo.nii.ac.jp:02000051,
 author = {趙, 蓉俊子 and Zhao, Rongjunzi},
 journal = {言語の普遍性と個別性, Universality and Individuality in Language},
 month = {Mar},
 note = {This paper provides a contrastive analysis of direct passive sentences in Japanese and Chinese. In both languages, direct passive sentences can be classified into two types: typical direct passive and impersonal direct passive. The investigation shows the following differences in the syntactic and semantic features of the direct passive sentence in the two languages. First, Japanese direct passive sentences are constructed by the addition of the suffix -(r)are-ru to the verb stem. In Chinese, direct passive sentences contain the aspectual particles le, zhe, or guo. In addition, Chinese direct passive sentences often require a verb-resultative (VR) construction based on the pragmatic condition. Second, the agent is introduced by the particles ni, niyotte, or kara in typical direct passive sentences of Japanese. In Chinese, on the other hand, the passive markers bei and gei may appear even when the agent is not explicit in the passive sentence. Third, the Japanese direct passive is divided into two semantic types: event prediction and property prediction. In contrast, Chinese direct passive sentences describe the results of the event. Fourth, the Chinese direct passive is less restrictive than that of Japanese in terms of the animacy of the subject and agent; Japanese direct passive is not natural when the subject is inanimate and the agent is animate. Last, this paper points out that there are seven major types of predicate verbs that appear in direct passive sentences in both Japanese and Chinese: thinking verbs, speech-act verbs, emotional verbs, creating verbs, physical contact verbs, movement verbs, and giving and receiving verbs.},
 pages = {51--74},
 title = {日中語のヴォイスの対照 : 直接受動文の文法的特徴と意味機能},
 volume = {12},
 year = {2021}
}