@article{oai:niigata-u.repo.nii.ac.jp:00001687,
 author = {田野, 英一 and 前田, 義信 and 牧野, 秀夫 and 小西, 孝史 and 石井, 郁夫},
 issue = {2},
 journal = {GIS : 理論と応用, GIS : 理論と応用},
 month = {Sep},
 note = {In order to assist the orientation and mobility of the visually impaired, when walking, using devices such as GPS (Global Positioning System), there should be a capability to automatically provide place name and compass information, in spoken format. Our system obtains the place coordinate such as latitude and longitude by means of the GPS and the direction for forward movement by means of a fluxgate compass. The numerical data are transformed to the place name using the place name layer of the geographic information database. In this paper we experimentally considered availability of both place name and crossroad layers. To this end, sighted participants were blind-folded and walked along a given route (about 1 kilometer) using the system. We clarified particularly a reduction in time using the principal components analysis and the discriminant function. This indicated that one layer alone, the place name layer, was in itself sufficient to walk the route, but using multiple layers, which were classified into different categories, one could walk more efficiently. In our system we developed a multi-layer structure in the geographic information database.},
 pages = {41--51},
 title = {視覚障害者用GPS位置案内システムにおける情報多層化の評価},
 volume = {9},
 year = {2001}
}