@article{oai:niigata-u.repo.nii.ac.jp:00016860, author = {山添, 優 and 相澤, 義房}, issue = {1}, journal = {新潟医学会雑誌, 新潟医学会雑誌}, month = {Jan}, note = {Implantable cardiac pacemakers have been used for the management of bradycardia since 1958. Since that time, improvements in pulse generator and electrode have occurred. At the present time, the total performance and the size of pulse generator are satisfactory. Although significant progress has been made in pacemaker electrode design, more improvement in lead longevity and durability is needed. The first clinical use of implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) was performed for prevention of cardiac sudden death due to ventricular fibrillation or ventricular tachycardia in 1980. About 30,000 ICDs are now implanted worldwide. It is generally accepted that ICDs reduce the incidence of cardiac sudden death in high-risk patients. The fourth-generation transvenous ICDs are developing and patient selection must be made very carefully. In the future, the ICD system will be nearly as simple to implant as a pacemaker and more reliable. These progresses will broaden the indications for ICDs.}, pages = {5--8}, title = {2)心臓ペースメーカーと植込み型除細動器(シンポジウム 人工臓器はここまで進んだ, 第522回新潟医学会)}, volume = {112}, year = {1998} }