The histopathology of the spleen of 19 patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura who underwent splenectomy was examined. The morophologic features of the spleen indicate active immune reaction: hyperplasia of lymphoid follicles with secondary germinal centers, reaction of large lymphoid cells, onion skin lesions of central arteries. Foamy histiocytes was observed in 11 of 19 cases and seroid histiocytes were found in one case. In one case, foamy histiocytes were also noted in the sinus of the lymph node. We could not clarified the relationship between the appearance and the number of foamy cells and effectiveness of splenectomy.